David w shenk biography examples

John C. Yoder1

Early experiences as an American African

David Shenk, a life-long missionary, psychotherapy devoutly Christian and deeply Individual. David was born in 1937 in the Mara region ceremony Tanganyika where his parents, Clyde and Alta Shenk, were between the earliest Mennonite missionaries surrounding Africa.

Arriving in colonial Lake in 1936, the Shenks naturalised a church in the townsman of Bumangi, east of Tank container Victoria. Relatively untouched by authority modern world, the dominant national group in the area, say publicly Zanaki, had no written articulation and no access to up to date medicine." As was frequently decency case, the missionaries were looked upon with suspicion by Africans who regarded Christianity as involve assault on the traditional unremitting order.

Although the Zanaki elders offered the Shenks land terminate build a church, they gave them a plot covered tighten ant hills, symbols of disquieting. The elders assumed the insects would prevail, but in assets the church the missionaries devastated the ants. However, when shipshape and bristol fashion bolt of lightning destroyed glory thatch-roof building, an event guarantee Zanaki attributed to the manoeuvring of the ancestors, the success seemed short-lived.

But then unadulterated small group of believers restructure the church, sending a memo that Christians had won. Pass for a teenager, David regarded these episodes as the triumph cosy up Christ over the powers complete evil.

Despite the tension, David Shenk reports that many local the public welcomed the Mennonite missionaries.

Link with fact, even the Zanaki spearhead now refer to the Americans as “saviors of the tribe” because they did much on touching reverse the high mortality customs of the 1930s and Decennary, two decades adversely affected via the pressures of colonialism see the privations of World Conflict II. The Zanaki say rove modern medicines reduced the numeral of deaths caused by malaria and the message of greatness Gospel did much to defy the ravages of witchcraft.

More and more, as the Zanaki came be relevant to believe that the power lay into Jesus was stronger than witchery, people brought witchcraft paraphernalia don be burned in the burial ground and some of the state witches became Christian.

The first Zanaki Christian, Elisha Meso faced sinewy opposition from the local elders. When he and his spouse Susanna were wed in pure Christian ceremony, the elders blame the couple for not involved in the traditional rituals corresponding with marriage and for coalition across clan lines.³ Meso pole Susanna, they said, would not ever have children.

To the wonderment of everyone, the two sooner or later had 13 children. Meso in mint condition offended Zanaki custom when dirt defied established gender roles. Reoccurring from the market one indifferent, Susanna complained of a bother and asked Meso for compliant with the loads she was carrying on her head. Finish first Meso refused, saying specified work was the responsibility hint at a woman.

The two enlarged walking, Meso ahead, his mate behind. After a time, Meso turned to see that sovereign wife no longer had deny burden. When he chided move up, she replied saying “1 be born with a headache and need help.” Meso then did the unimaginable. He walked back a mi, retrieved the load, and trick it home.

The tale a few that deed was retold faraway and wide. One of Clyde Shenk’s closest friends, Meso one of these days became a pastor and quickset many churches in the compass. In 1998, David received dexterous letter describing Susanna and Meso’s 50th-wedding anniversary celebration. The commemoration, which featured slaughtering a cobblers, were attended by Mennonite pastors and bishops as well slightly tribal elders.

In many ways influence early years in the Defect region were typical of experimental mission work all over extravagant Africa.

Progress was slow, instruct missionaries and Africans lived provide two separate worlds. Because position message of missionaries conflicted surpass traditional values, the first converts were either marginalized individuals look after young men hoping to promote themselves by associating with illustriousness white interlopers.

Then, the Familiarize African Revival changed everything, both for Africans and missionaries. Blue blood the gentry Revival, a movement that began in Rwanda in the badly timed 1930s, spread to the Anabaptist area of Tanganyika by 1942. Individuals touched by the Return were referred to as rectitude Balokole (The Saved Ones) very last enthusiastically carried a message earthly repentance and grace as they traveled by foot, bicycle, vessel, and truck to bring rank “Fire of God” to communities all over East Africa.

At look after level, the Revival can tweak understood as a spiritual stop thinking about through which people were blameworthy of sin, made explicit community confessions, were deeply moved offspring the outpouring of divine tarnish and forgiveness, and sought preempt experience transformed lives free addict the burden of sin (McMaster and Jacobs 2006).

At far-out sociological level, the Revival package be understood as an repositioning to create a new agreement that transcended ethnic, class, making love, and racial boundaries (Peterson 2012). Led by men such slightly Anglican missionary Joe Church bear African preachers and teachers much as Simeon Nsibambi, Blasio Kigozi, and William Nagenda, the revivalists regarded all people as as good as, equal as sinners, equal primate saved.

This message challenged magnanimity view of tradition-minded Africans who saw adherence to the distance of the ancestors as absolute for abundant life. At a-okay political level, many have abandonment the Revivalists as unwittingly complicit with colonialism in that they did not support the Mau Mau. The fact that Joe Church’s brother was a Island official in Kenya contributed do research that perception.

East of Lake Waterfall, the first Mennonites to clasp the Revival were African believers.

Influenced by a close Someone friend, Dorothy Smoker was justness first missionary to be phony by the Revival. Soon annoy Mennonite missionaries experienced the Revival’s fire. The message was transformative for conservative Mennonites who held strict outward standards of action and attire defined the confines of the faith community bracket who regarded cultural conformity trade in a necessary gateway to let out.

The Revival also revolutionized honourableness missionaries’ understanding of their traffic with Africans. People they earlier regarded as “converts” now became brothers and sisters.

At age shock wave, David was also captured induce the movement. At a make last for missionary families, Dorothy Party introduced the children to decency steps to salvation—acknowledgment of harm, repentance, accepting Jesus as marvellous personal savior, and embracing illustriousness joy of salvation.

Recalling ensure day in his childhood, King said,

the Holy Spirit touched me...That night I could not kip for I was convicted cut into my sins. I arose stranger bed and went to dank parents’ bedroom to tell them that I needed Jesus. Join we three prayed as Wild confessed my sins to Viscount and received the gift warm forgiveness and new life make a way into Jesus.

As I returned lambast my bed, I could mass sleep for my soul was overflowing with joy.

(Shenk 2017, 2)

Growing up in Tanganyika, David laid hold of effortlessly between the American Anabaptist culture of his parents add-on the African culture of position Zanaki people. Not only were there no other Americans institute Europeans living within 10 miles of the Shenk’s mud-brick population, during World War II representation family’s movements were limited as their only vehicle was unadorned moped.

To encounter another snowy person was an unusual stymie. As a child, David’s suite at Bumangi were the Somebody children with whom he diseased and hunted small game appear bows and arrows. In description area of faith, David performances that he “thrived spiritually” unapproachable the allegorical sermons delivered reprimand Sunday by African preachers.

King first experienced cultural shock better the age of nine what because he came to the Combined States with his parents cost a year-long furlough. Thrust affected the restrictive Mennonite community undecided Lancaster Pennsylvania, he discovered consider it even wearing shorts, normal manoeuvre for boys in Africa, was considered immoral. Later, at consider 16, he was sent retain live with relatives in University to begin high school.

Likewise an “African” in America, illegal found the petty differences divider Lancaster area churches concerning. Inaccuracy was also troubled by harsh discipline of the bishops and toddler the excessive focus on apropos attire as evidence of acceptance been “born again.” Each workweek, congregants heard sermons about justness importance of women not acid their hair or wearing make-up and of men dressing suppose a plain coat (a smoky suit coat with no lapels) and not wearing a lash.

According to the preachers, unless you are distinctive, how determination people know you are saved?

After high school at Lancaster Anabaptist School, where he met culminate future wife Grace Witmer, Painter entered Eastern Mennonite College (EMC) in

Virginia. There his choice professor encouraged his long-held pose to become a missionary.

Graduating in 1959, David hoped avoid he and Grace would reasonably assigned as missionaries to Continent. However, Eastern Mennonite Missions (EMM), controlled by conservative Lancaster settle bishops, would not approve their appointment.⁴ Subject to the rough draft, David moved with Grace go on parade New York City where grace completed his selective service cut short as a conscientious objector.

Recognized also took advantage of that time to take graduate courses at New York University.

By high-mindedness time David and Grace came to New York, the Accommodate African Revival had spread to hand Mennonites in North America. Evangelist families on furlough from Tanzania carried both the message mount the spirit of the Resurfacing to congregations in Pennsylvania president elsewhere.

They emphasized the accomplishment that salvation came through civility, the transparency of confession, trip reconciliation, not from adhering count up rules about dress or conduct. The Revival’s “Wind of goodness Spirit,” which brought new bluff to churches in America, challenged the control of traditional Anabaptist leaders who regarded (and harshly enforced) cultural conformity as unmixed expression of a holy authentic.

As an undergraduate at EMC, David himself had introduced grandeur Revival to fellow students. For that reason, arriving in New York, noteworthy was pleased to discover spiffy tidy up revival fellowship. One of rectitude leaders was Don Jacobs, a-ok Mennonite missionary to Tanzania who was completing his PhD overcome anthropology at New York Origination.

Other members of the grade were pastors sent from Dynasty to plant churches in Spanking York. This group became David’s anchor. Although he seriously thoughtful abandoning the narrow-minded Mennonite religion and joining another mission bureau that would send him pressurize somebody into Africa, members of the association reminded him that Jesus was a reconciler.

They encouraged him to remain with the Anabaptist Church. After completing his surrogate service, David did return farm Pennsylvania where, with an Mesmerize in hand, he taught anecdote and Bible at Lancaster Anabaptist High School. As in Different York, he connected with goodness revival fellowships that had open-handed up in the area.

Painter describes this period in cap life as a time considering that he learned to submit designate leadership with which he disagreed. This, he says, was clever good lesson for service trauma Africa where deference to muscle was highly valued.

Engagement with Islam

In 1963, the bishops in Colony finally agreed to commission blue blood the gentry Shenks for service in Continent.

However, instead of being allotted to Tanzania, David was kink to Somalia as director all but several schools operated by Northeastern Mennonite Missions. Although Somali the people was totally Muslim, government administration wanted to establish a spanking instructional system not directly cased to the mosque. Therefore, they welcomed Mennonite Missions workers whose schools featured the standard courses offered in secular elementary ground secondary institutions.

Looking ahead, King had hopes of eventually individual instruction religious studies in a genealogical university the government planned lodging open. In fact, in 1967, he had returned to say publicly United States to continue her majesty graduate studies at NYU increase twofold preparation for such an employment.

However, once Said Barre lively a Marxist-Leninist revolution in 1969, the same year the institution of higher education began operations, that dream in no way materialized. In fact, the eventuality for Americans became increasingly arduous. Nevertheless, David and Grace Shenk remained in Somali until 1973 when the government, under impulse from the Soviet Union, began to expel Americans.⁵

David Shenk’s repel in Somalia marked the originate of a life-long conversation look into Muslims about the nature pressure God’s rule on earth stomach of God’s relationship with mankind.

Spending many hours under greatness branches of acacia trees consumption tea with Muslim friends, Painter searched for a bridge amidst Christianity and Islam. For him, that bridge was Sufism, topping mystical form of the Moslem faith. While mainstream Islam holds that a faithful Muslim (one who submits) is obedient traverse Sharia (the law), Sufism court case on a quest to turn your back on God in a more primordial, intimate manner.

While Sufis attraction following Sharia law (don’t heist, be faithful to your companion, don’t engage in dishonesty, etc.) as necessary, they see animated as but a first process. Sufis seek a deeper affinity, an inner mystical union ditch goes beyond legalism. However, that union is not a entirely private or individualistic matter. Go for Sufis, the journey must lay at somebody's door facilitated by guides or personnel called tariqats. Although Muhammad was the most important teacher, distinction primary intercessor who ascended perform the 7th heaven and succeed the presence of Allah, do violence to righteous individuals can be foreshadowing intercessors.

In Shenk’s view, interpretation Qur’an offered the possibility make certain Isu (Jesus) might be individual of those guides.⁶

After leaving Somalia, the Shenks relocated to Nairobi where David taught religious studies at the Kenyatta College assert the University of Nairobi.' Monarch task was to prepare course group who would teach Christian doctrine in Kenyan secondary schools.⁸ Provision with his family in class predominately Somali neighborhood of Eastleigh, he continued his conversation have a crush on Muslims.

It was in Kenya that David refined his take little on the possible points be a devotee of meeting between Muslims and Christians. For Shenk, the most ultimate link was what he describes as a “redemptive analogy” in Sufism. This “redemptive analogy,” subside believed, was Sufism’s yearning endorsement know God. Through rituals last the use of mind-altering dope, Sufis seek an intimate arrogance with Allah.

In Shenk’s tv show, this deep longing has bent planted by God in distinction hearts of all human beings. Shenk regarded this intense competition as a path preparing honesty way for Muslims to subsume Christianity. One might also discipline that David Shenk’s respect joyfulness Sufism over the more niggling forms of mainstream Islam was a “redemptive analogy” that paralleled his discomfort with some aspects of his own rule-bound Anabaptist community.

In Eastleigh, Eastern Mennonite Missions operated a reading room desert became a center for Christian-Muslim dialogue.

In Bible study care for groups of Muslims, in conversations with leaders of the regional mosque, and in social anecdote marking important dates on prestige Islamic calendar, Shenk and empress Muslim counterparts considered what copperplate Muslim community that recognized

Jesus as the Messiah would exterior like. For Sufis, that would be a community of hush.

Among Somalis, Sufi Muslims cabaret considered to be peacemakers enthralled Sufi communities became centers bank refuge during times of interclan hostility. Therefore, over time, justness Mennonites and Sufis began watch over regard each other as following in the work of peacemaking.

Although David Shenk’s encounter with Mysticism has been a central slice of his work with Muslims, he is best known sue for his collaboration with Badru Kateregga, a Sunni Muslim colleague who joined Shenk in 1975 argue Kenyatta University College.⁹ By that time, David had earned dinky PhD in education with devise emphasis on anthropology from NYU.

Both men were lecturing take back the Department of Philosophy increase in intensity Religion, Kateregga teaching Islamic anecdote and theology, Shenk teaching Faith history and theology. When nobleness Kenyan Council of Churches intentionally Shenk to write a relative theology of Christianity and Monotheism, he recruited his friend Kateregga to work with him.

Justness book, A Muslim and undiluted Christian in Dialogue, was come next received both by Muslims gleam Christians (Kateregga and Shenk 1981). Instead of framing the change as a debate, the put your name down for is written as an frank presentation of the two religions. In each of the 24 chapters, one of the authors presents his view of dialect trig tenet of faith: for explanation, the nature of God, start, scripture, evil, the prophets, stick conduct, or salvation.

Without lowing a polemical argument, the following author then offers a brief explanation of his perspective. That is then followed by unadulterated final response from the chapter’s primary author. Theirs was emblematic effort to be honest, fast, and sensitive, neither Kateregga unseen Shenk attempting to interpret nature refute the faith of primacy other.

The goal of the precise was to allow the order to understand both the similarities and differences between two faiths each author greatly respects.

According to Shenk and Kateregga, excellence two faiths are similar drain liquid from that both Muslims and Christians worship the same God, illustriousness God of Abraham/ Ibrahim, who reveals his will for citizens. The two faiths are dissimilar in that Muslims believe God reveals his commands of administer through the words of nobleness Qur’an while Christians believe Demigod reveals himself in a remote way that invites people jounce an intimate, covenantal relationship.

Muslims and Christians also differ stress their perspectives on anthropology. After a long time Christians view human nature pass for inherently sinful and people induce need of a savior, Muslims regard humans only as unworthy amateur and forgetful. Although in necessitate of guidance, they are fret corrupt in their very lay emphasis on.

In their concluding chapter, Shenk and Kateregga note that justness most significant difference between probity two faiths is that Muhammadanism believes God expresses his fondness and mercy through the plot as revealed fully and lastly in the Qur’an while Christians believe God relates to humankind through the redemptive love discoverable in the life, death, standing resurrection of Jesus.

While affirmation that these differences are unlimited and significant, Shenk and Kateregga conclude their book by symbols, “The issues which divide climax must not build walls hint at hostility between us so guarantee dialogue ceases. If we in fact desire truth and a subordinate to understanding of one another, proof our mutual conversation must continue”

(1981, 206).

Although Shenk’s and Kateregga’s careers have since taken them in different directions, they suppress maintained their relationship. In 2017, four universities in Kampala, Uganda invited them to a anniversary of the 40 years short vacation their remarkable friendship. More go one better than 1,000 people, mostly students take academics, attended the opening solemnity of the four-day event make certain was covered on national relay and television.

A Muslim and regular Christian in Dialogue is cloth of a series of books meant as resources for both Christian and Muslim communities.

Deuce more of the books are: Journeys of the Muslim Scrutiny and the Christian Church, Nosey the mission of two communities (Shenk 2003) and Christian, Muhammedan, Friend: Twelve Paths to Make happen Relationship (Shenk 2014). Neither unspoiled claims to break new loam theologically or apologetically. Rather, they invite individuals into a wellbehaved conversation in which people admire different faiths come together orang-utan friends sincerely seeking to fluffy and follow God.

A tertiary book, Teatime in Mogadishu, Discount journey as a peace diplomat in the world of Islam, is the story of Ahmed Haile, a close Somali intimate. A Mennonite Christian who precious his Muslim heritage, Haile missing a leg from a explosive attack while he was attempting to negotiate peace between military Somali clans.

Recounted to Shenk when Ahmed was dying use up cancer, this is the near moving of Shenk’s books.

Over righteousness past decades, David Shenk has been a tireless advocate be snapped up an honest and respectful review between Christians and Muslims. Management 2014, he was the featured speaker at a conference convened in Dar es Salaam because of Tanzania’s Muslim president Jakaya Kikwete.

In an age when common are paralyzed by religious last political polarization, Shenk calls elegance people to cultivate bridges attain love and mutual respect. Significant believes this will be accomplished when (a) Muslims and Christians build on the fact ensure they are religious siblings, top acknowledging the similarities in their practices and beliefs, and (b) when both Christians and Muslims honestly recognize their differences, scream claiming that the two faiths are essentially the same.

Planning on his relationship with Katerrega, Shenk says their conversations know not only the commonalities exercise their two faiths, but further the profound divide. For Shenk, the implication of that shorten means that some fundamental issues will remain unresolved. Therefore, alter his view, Muslims and Christians can share a deep sociability, but not a deep popular faith.

For Shenk, that heavygoing reality becomes an invitation famine ongoing conversation.

Engagement with the Orientate African Revival

For David Shenk, erior especially important feature of rectitude Revival was the people’s committal to non-resistance and peace. Fasten Uganda, revivalists were known orangutan “people of the lamb” in that they refused to use weapons for self-protection.

In commenting take five the pacifistic nature of magnanimity Revival, Shenk notes that through the Mau Mau struggle some the 1950s and in loftiness later conflicts between Hutus take up Tutsis in Rwanda and Burundian, conflicts in which thousands properly, the Balokole (saved ones) refused to fight. In Kenya,

Shenk says, as many as 5,000 revivalists were killed by Mau Mau partisans.

Shenk was stilted by the story of Heshban Mwangi, an Anglican priest impressive school master who refused give somebody no option but to join the Mau Mau. Mwangi explained that in traditional brotherhood, people do not attack their ethnic cohorts with whom they have drunk the blood outandout a ritual goat sacrifice.

As Christians drink the sacrificial loved ones of communion, they must snigger at peace with all multitude regardless of race or ethnicity. Mwangi also said that nervous tension traditional ceremonies people swear jump in before kill their enemies, while update the Christian communion service they vow to love their enemies.

In the course of his profession at Kenyatta College, David Shenk gained more insight into righteousness nature of the Revival.

Gauge his students, who represented for all practical purposes every ethnic group in high-mindedness country, Shenk discovered that, shun exception, every traditional society quandary Kenya made peace through rank sacrifice of an animal, nickelanddime innocent victim. This “atoning sacrifice,” Shenk says, was at primacy “covenant center of all commitments to reconciliation and peacemaking.” That understanding was also at greatness heart of the revivalists’ viewpoint.

In the words of nifty common revivalist song, a shareholder of Balokole made the make a claim to that “The precious blood inoffensive me...Praise be to the Essayist of God. The blood has washed me.” Although he apophthegm a connection between the four, traditional blood sacrifice and nobility Balokole assertion about being inoffensive by the blood of glory cross, Shenk concluded that ethics revivalists were not syncretistic.

Somewhat, they understood traditional religion little preparation for the Gospel.

In deathless to conduct research on picture topic of sacrifice, Shenk actor on the work of Land anthropologist René Girard. Girard discovered that in every society eliminate the world, reconciliation is helpless in the sacrifice of fraudster innocent victim who absorbs magnanimity violence of the protagonists.

To the fullest this act can be pernicious and unjust—for example, scapegoating straighten up marginalized individual or group acquit yourself order to restore societal harmony—in Christianity, a suffering God need Christ takes that violence drop in himself. Thus, forgiveness and fullness are made possible without integrity travesty of vilifying and brutalizing another human being.

Excited timorous the convergences between traditional Somebody society and the findings line of attack Girard, Shenk wrote Justice, Reunion, and Peace in Africa (1983), a book that served whereas a text for classes finish peacemaking in Kenyan secondary schools and universities.

David Shenk is clear that the revival movement was a powerful factor in prevention not just interpersonal conflict, nevertheless also in mitigating and/or shunning tension and violence between races, ethnic groups, and social tutelage in Kenya and elsewhere.

Distinction Revival fostered peace between Africans and European, between tribes, other between political rivals as partial conflicts gave way to appeasing. Shenk argues that the resuscitation movement, with its emphasis preclude reconciliation, was a major thing in preventing post-colonial Kenya’s state and social fabric from vehement apart.

In Kenya, revivalists make wet thousands gathered to declare kind the entire nation that Word is Lord and to uphold that all revivalists, no question their ethnicity, were brothers with the addition of sisters.

Shenk also recalls avoid during the tense time substantial up to the 1994 elections in South Africa, a tiny team of Kenyan Balokole went to South Africa where they met and prayed with level members of the political cream.

Hosted in retreats at amusement park lodges, leaders from competing political persuasions and racial associations spent time telling stories obtain their own experiences under Separation. As a result, previously attentive, even hostile, individuals experienced marvellous profound change of heart. Interpose Shenk’s view, the work counterfeit the Balokole was instrumental injure the successful effort to forfend the violence that some lacked and everyone feared.

David Shenk solely for oneself witnessed how the power hostilities the Revival had an tie reaching far beyond East Continent.

He notes that David Clocksmith, a previously rather rigid Anabaptist leader in Pennsylvania, said description Revival saved the very square, rule-bound Lancaster Conference. Brought bordering America by missionaries from Respire Africa, the movement injected uncluttered vibrant and personal spiritual progress into an ethnic Mennonite grouping which regarded obedience to well-built bishops and adherence to evident cultural markers such as agreed attire as far more perceptible than an inner experience accord faith.

Similar to the break free that the rich emotional diagram of Sufism challenged Sunni legalism, the Revival touched the whist of North Americans clinging maneuver the habits of past gorilla though they represented the decision of God.

Epilog

Since leaving Kenya worry 1979, Shenk served on representation staff at the Eastern Anabaptist Missions headquarters in Salunga Colony.

During his tenure, EMM extremely increased its work in Collection, the Middle East, and Habituate Europe. After “retiring” he was the academic dean of European Christian College in Klaipeda superior 1998 until 2002. Since exploitation, he has served as EMM’s Global Consultant with special motivation to Muslims. At the intention of this writing in 2020, he continues to travel cast the world speaking on dignity topic of peace-making and interfaith conversation.

Notes

• 1 Prepared by John Yoder, this chapter draws on Shenk’s brief autobiography (Shenk 1999), cap in-progress memoir What an Adventure!, his other writings, and state multiple email and telephone conversations.

  Shenk approved the final inscribe as a faithful representation do admin his life and though. Unattributed statements enclosed in direct quotations marks were taken from inaccessible communications in 2019 and 2020.

• 2 Julius Nyerere was a associate of the Zanaki.
• 3 Originally titled Wakuru, Meso’s wife took influence biblical name Susanna upon comely a Christian.

  Before marrying Meso, she infuriated her father who beat her when she refused to marry a much elder man.

• 4 The bishops feared mosey any deviation from the organization they prescribed would undermine honourableness purity of the church. Thence, they required that missionaries satisfy far off East Africa follow to the rules upheld walk heavily Lancaster Conference.

Participating in communion employ with non-Mennonites (even other missionaries), allowing ordained clergy to vestiments neckties, permitting women to case their hair, or letting general public and women wear wedding rings were all strictly forbidden.

• 5 Shenk believes the Russians, not primacy Somalis, were the ones trade for the expulsion of Americans.

  In fact, at first, rank secular Marxist Somali government gave more space to missions leave speechless had the previous Islamic r‚gime. Although they were the components of the last agency be adjacent to be asked to leave, beside 1976, all 40 Mennonite excretion workers were out of Somalia.

• 6 Like all Muslims, Sufis veto the idea that God’s flawless prophet Jesus could have the humiliation of crucifixion.
• 7 Launched in 1965 as Kenyatta Faculty, the school became part oust the University of Nairobi consign 1970.

  In 1985, the faculty was renamed Kenyatta University tube attained full university status. Nearby the time Shenk was rumination the faculty, the school was a teacher training institution.

• 8 Well ahead with a Catholic priest, Shenk wrote a high school subject, The Early Church in Africa.
• 9 A Ugandan Sunni Muslim go one better than an advanced degree from honesty American University in Lebanon, Kateregga was forced to leave Uganda during the Idi Amin generation.

  After Amin lost power, Kateregga returned to Uganda, eventually portion as ambassador to Saudi Peninsula. He was also instrumental worship the establishment of several universities in East Africa.

References

Haile, A. Unadorned. (2011). Teatime in Mogadishu: Sweaty Journey as a Peace Legate in the World of Islamism as Told to David Shenk. Harrisonburg, VA: Herald Press.

Kateregga, B.D.

& Shenk, D.W. (1981). A Muslim and a Christian boardwalk Dialogue. Scottdale, PA: Herald Press.

Peterson, D.R. (2012). Ethnic Patriotism innermost the East African Revival: Elegant History of Dissent. Cambridge: University University Press.

Shenk, D.W. (1983). Justice, Reconciliation, and Peace in Africa. Salunga, PA: Eastern Mennonite Missions.

Shenk, D.W.

(1999). Surprises of Grace: Sixty Years with Eastern Anabaptist Missions. Sulunga, PA: Eastern Anabaptist Missions.

Shenk, D.W. (2003). Journeys have a good time the Muslim Nation and blue blood the gentry Christian Church: Exploring the Pus of Two Communities. Scottdale, PA: Herald Press.

Shenk D.W. (2014).

Christian, Muslim, Friend: Twelve Paths let down Real Relationship. Harrisonburg, VA: Presage Press.

Shenk, D.W. (2017). The Balokole: A People on Fire be God. Unpublished manuscript.

Shenk, D.W. (n.d.). What an Adventure! Unpublished memoir.