Video pinar del rio celia cruz biography

Cuban singer (–)

In this Land name, the first or paternal surname is Cruz and the subordinate or maternal family name evenhanded Alfonso.

Celia Caridad Cruz Alfonso^[a] (21 October – 16 July ), known as Celia Cruz, was a Cuban singer obscure one of the most general Latin artists of the Ordinal century.

Cruz rose to villainy in Cuba during the unsympathetic as a singer of guarachas, earning the nickname "La Guarachera de Cuba". In the mass decades, she became known internationally as the "Queen of Salsa" due to her contributions focus on Latin music.^[4][5][6] She had oversubscribed over 10 million records, fabrication her one of the fruitful Latin music artists.^[7]

The artist began her career in her residence country Cuba, earning recognition variety a vocalist of the wellreceived musical group Sonora Matancera, spruce musical association that lasted 15 years (–).

Cruz mastered clever wide variety of Afro-Cuban penalisation styles including guaracha, rumba, coiffure, son and bolero, recording plentiful singles in these styles bolster Seeco Records. In , associate the Cuban Revolution caused integrity nationalization of the music effort, Cruz left her native homeland, becoming one of the script and spokespersons of the Country community in exile.^[8] Cruz lengthened her career, first in Mexico, and then in the Unified States, the country that she took as her definitive room.

In the s, she collaborated with Tito Puente, recording improve signature tune "Bemba colorá". Constant worry the s, she signed send off for Fania Records and became forcibly associated with the salsa class, releasing hits such as "Quimbara". She often appeared live liven up Fania All-Stars and collaborated joint Johnny Pacheco and Willie Colón.

During the last years funding her career, Cruz continued reduce release successful songs such bring in "La vida es un carnaval" and "La negra tiene tumbao".^[9]

Her musical legacy is made habit of a total of 37 studio albums, as well because numerous live albums and collaborations. Throughout her career, she was awarded numerous prizes and laurels, including two Grammy Awards dowel three Latin Grammy Awards.

Refurbish addition to her prolific employment in music, Cruz also prefab several appearances as an entertainer in movies and telenovelas. Brew catchphrase "¡Azúcar!" ("Sugar!") has transform into one of the most much-admired symbols of salsa music.

Early life

Celia Caridad Cruz Alfonso was born on 21 October , at 47 Serrano Street link with the Santos Suárez neighborhood practice Havana, Cuba.^[10][3][11] Her father, Simón Cruz, was a railway labourer, and her mother, Catalina Alfonso Ramos, a housewife of Land descent who took care eradicate an extended family.^[3] Celia was one of the eldest in the middle of fourteen children living in honesty house, including cousins and team up three siblings, Dolores, Gladys, squeeze Bárbaro,^[12][13] and she used revere sing cradle songs to set aside them to sleep.^[11] According find time for her mother, she began musical as a child at 9 or 10 months of cover, often in the middle dear the night.^[11][14] She also hum in school during the Fridays' actos cívicos and in the brush neighborhood ensemble, Botón de oro.^[11]

While growing up in Cuba's mixed s musical climate, Cruz listened to many musicians who phoney her adult career, including Fernando Collazo, Abelardo Barroso, Pablo Quevedo, Antonio Arcaño and Arsenio Rodríguez.^[6] Despite her father's opposition spreadsheet the fact that she was Catholic, as a child Cruz learned Santería songs from kill neighbor who practiced Santería.^[15] Cruz also studied the words take over Yoruba songs with colleague Merceditas Valdés (an akpwon, a Santería singer) from Cuba and late made various recordings of that religious genre, even singing aid for other akpwons like Candita Batista.

As a teenager, eliminate aunt took her and bitterness cousin to cabarets to make melody, but her father encouraged recede to attend school in ethics hope she would become skilful teacher. After high school, she attended the Normal School aspire Teachers in Havana with position intent of becoming a data teacher.^[16] At the time exploit a singer was not upon as an entirely respectable vitality.

However, one of her team told her that, as mammoth entertainer, she could earn skull one day what most Country teachers earned in a period. From , Cruz studied concerto theory, voice, and piano stern Havana's National Conservatory of Music.^[17]

One day, her cousin took breach to Havana's radio station Televise García-Serra, where she became spick contestant in the "Hora illustrate té" amateur radio program.

Well-found was her first time buffer a microphone and she sing the tango "Nostalgia" (as unadulterated tribute to Paulina Álvarez^[6]), alluring a cake as the prime prize for her performance.^[11] Build other occasions she won white chains, as well as opportunities to participate in more contests.^[18] She also sang in vex amateur radio programs such style La suprema corte del arte, broadcast by CMQ, always engaging first prize.

The only exclusion was when she competed refuse to comply Vilma Valle, having to come out with their earnings: 25 dollars each.^[11]

In , the Miami Herald leak out from partially declassified US Do up Department papers that Cruz confidential been linked to Cuba's pre-Revolution communist party, the Popular Marxist Party (PSP), as early since the s.^[19] The article, promoted as an "exclusive", was backhand by Miami Herald journalist Song Rosenberg from Freedom of Record Act requests.

It made very many revelations. Among them, the Grating Embassy in Havana denied Cruz a US visa in essential because of suspected communist affiliations. The article also states delay Cruz had joined the boyhood wing of the PSP dissent age 20 and had hand-me-down a concert to arrange adroit secret meeting with communists beget South America on behalf compensation its then general secretary, Weary Roca Calderío, who has as well founded the party in Cruz had also signed a button letter in support of creep of the Party's front accumulations, the Pro-Peace Congress.

The cancel states that Cruz's surviving partner, Pedro Knight, was asked heed this, and is quoted unquestionable knew nothing about it. "She never told me about go off at a tangent. She never talked about politics," the article quotes Knight.^[20]

Career

First recordings

Isolina Carrillo was one of righteousness first people to recognize Cruz's ability to sing Afro-Cuban theme and asked her to connect her Conjunto Siboney, where Olga Guillot also sang.^[21] She afterward joined Orquesta de Ernesto Duarte, Gloria Matancera, Sonora Caracas topmost Orquesta Anacaona.

From , she started to sing in Havana's most popular cabarets: Tropicana, Defective Souci, Bamboo, Topeka, etc.^[11] Observe , Roderico Rodney Neyra supported the group of dancers direct singers Las Mulatas de Volcano (The Fiery Mulattas).^[22][23][24] Cruz was hired with this group kind a singer, reaching great premium and making presentations in Mexico and Venezuela, where she prefabricated her first recordings.

Shortly afterward, Cruz began to sing course of action musical programs at Radio Cadena Suaritos, along with a calling that performed Santería music out of the sun the direction of Obdulio Morales. With this group, known owing to Coro Yoruba y Tambores Batá, she made several recordings turn this way were later released by Panart.

Sonora Matancera

Cruz's big break came in when Myrta Silva, justness singer with Cuba's Sonora Matancera, returned to her native Puerto Rico. Since they were rank need of a new soloist, the band decided to look into the young Celia Cruz topping chance. She auditioned in June, and at the end vacation July she was asked be required to join as lead singer,^[25] person in charge thus became the group's culminating black frontwoman.^[26] In her chief rehearsal with Sonora Matancera, Cruz met her future husband Pedro Knight, who was the band's second trumpeter.

Cruz debuted presage the group on 3 Reverenced Initially, Cruz was not accustomed with enthusiasm by the let slip, but Rogelio Martínez had certainty in her. On 15 Dec , Cruz recorded her chief songs with the group, which were a resounding success. Convoy "musical marriage" with the Sonora Matancera lasted fifteen years.

Revel in total Celia recorded songs lay into the Matancera, including hits much as "Cao cao maní picao", "Mata siguaraya", "Burundanga" and "El yerbero moderno". She won dead heat first gold record for "Burundanga", making her first trip tip the United States in knowledge receive the award and assume perform at St. Nicholas Platform, New York.^[11] During her 15 years with Sonora Matancera, she appeared in cameos in awful Mexican films such as Rincón criollo (), Una gallega too soon La Habana () and Amorcito corazón (), toured all sell something to someone Latin America and became uncluttered regular at the Tropicana.

Exile and Tico recordings

Cruz was travelling in Mexico when Fidel Socialist seized power at the drain of the Cuban Revolution. She returned to Cuba to bring to light her hometown of Havana dilemma turmoil and mostly shut down.^[27] Cruz was publicly critical believe Castro, a stance that she knew would endanger her existence and possibly her freedom, thanks to other critics of the setup were regularly arrested.

She as well needed money to pay instruct her ailing mother's medical cost, and when she was offered a contract to perform hold a few months at Recital Terraza Nightclub in Mexico Provide, she accepted. Cruz left State on 15 July , wail knowing that she would expected never return to her heartless country.^[28]

Just one week after taking place arriver in Mexico, Cruz received probity news of the death admire her father, Simón Cruz.

Fake , Cruz and Sonora Matancera left Mexico for an commitment in the United States. Around this period, Cruz began carrying out solo without the group, drama at a recital at representation Hollywood Palladium in Los Angeles.

In , before the denial of the Cuban government adopt allow her to return journey Cuba, Cruz acquired a give you an idea about in Fort Lee, New Shirt.

Although she tried to come back to Cuba to see assemblage sick mother, who was heroic with terminal bladder cancer, illustriousness Cuban government denied her charm to return.^[29] On 7 Apr , she received the counsel of the death of assimilation mother Catalina Alfonso. That outfit year, on 14 July, Cruz was married in civil service with Pedro Knight after precise romance of several years.

Cruz and Sonora Matancera made their first tour outside of class Americas, visiting Europe and Decorate, where they performed with Solon Puente. In , Cruz would culminate a vertiginous fifteen life with the Sonora Matancera. Cruz began a solo career take her husband Pedro Knight definite to leave his position make certain Sonora Matancera to become restlessness representative, arranger and personal chairman.

During this time, Cruz became an American citizen.

In , Cruz was contacted by Statesman Puente to perform with jurisdiction orchestra. Their first collaborative manual, Son con guaguancó featured a-ok recording of José Claro Fumero's guaracha "Bemba colorá", which became one of Cruz's signature songs.^[26] Cruz and Puente went best choice to collaborate on another yoke albums together.

She also factual albums with other musical care such as Memo Salamanca, Juan Bruno Tarraza and Lino Frías for Tico Records. In , Fania Records, the leading salsa record label, acquired Tico stomach signed Cruz to the impress Vaya Records, where she remained until

The Fania years

Cruz's harvester with the Fania label locked away begun in , when she recorded the lead vocals keep in good condition "Gracia divina", a song preschooler Larry Harlow which was confront of his "Latin opera" Hommy.

She then joined the Fania All-Stars, a salsa supergroup featuring the most popular performers show the Fania roster. With them, Cruz first sang "Bemba colorá" and "Diosa del ritmo" rip apart San Juan, Puerto Rico pavement She later travelled with magnanimity group to Kinshasa, Zaire, restore and returned to San Juan in for another concert.

These live recordings were commercially unconfined years later. Her performance corner Zaire, as part of Magnanimity Rumble in the Jungle support, was included in the crust Soul Power.^[30]

Cruz recorded her good cheer studio album for Fania stop in mid-sentence in collaboration with Johnny Pacheco, the label's founder and euphonic director.

The album, Celia & Johnny, and its lead singular, "Quimbara", were both a fruitful success. In , she participated in the documentary film Salsa about Latin culture, along deal in figures like Dolores del Río and Willie Colón. The pursuing year she recorded her foremost LP with Colón, a cooperation that would be repeated reliable great success in and In the way that touring with Colón, Cruz wore a flamboyant costume, which facade various colored wigs, tight gemmed dresses, and very high heels.

Her fashion style became fair famous that one of them was acquired by the Smithsonian institution.^[16] In the late ruthless, she participated in an Adjust Air Lines commercial in Puerto Rico, singing the catchy prepositional phrase ¡Esto sí es volar! (This is to truly fly!). Cruz also used to sing leadership identifying spot for WQBA tranny station in Miami, formerly familiar as "La Cubanísima": "I table the voice of Cuba, evade this land, far awayI hit squad liberty, I am WQBA, blue blood the gentry most Cuban!" (Yo soy vacation Cuba, la voz, desde esta tierra lejana ¡soy libertad, bean WQBA, Cubanísima!).

In , Celia was reunited with the Sonora Matancera and recorded the manual Feliz Encuentro. That year, dignity singer received the first party of her career at President Square Garden in New Dynasty. In , Cruz performed cool concert in Santa Cruz exchange Tenerife. That concert was accepted by the publisher of primacy Guinness Book of Records despite the fact that the largest free-entry outdoor agreement, with an audience of , people.

In , she participated in the feature film Salsa alongside Robby Draco Rosa. Pin down , Cruz won her chief Grammy Award (Best Tropical Exemplary Performance) for her album Ritmo en el corazón, recorded obey Ray Barretto. She was extremely invited to celebrate the Sixty-five anniversary of the Sonora Matancera in Central Park in Creative York.

The decline of Fania's brand of salsa dura reconcile favor of the emergent salsa romántica gradually brought an stool to Celia's musical association learn the Fania All Stars. Their final reunions took place stop in mid-sentence Puerto Rico () and Colombia (), both of which were released on CD.

Later years

In , Cruz managed to reappear to Cuba.

She was to make a presentation watch the Guantanamo Bay Naval Bracket. When she came out mean this presentation she took unadorned few grams of Cuban begrime in a bag; at counterpart request, this bag would after be placed in her case when she died. In , she received the National Allowance for the Arts award deprive the then President Bill Town, which is the highest leisure pursuit granted by the United States government to an artist.^[31] Getting made musical presentations in Mexican and Cuban films, in Celia participated as an actress relish the American film Mambo Kings, along with Armand Assante humbling Antonio Banderas.

A year posterior she made her debut considerably a television actress in blue blood the gentry Mexican telenovelaValentina, along with Verónica Castro for the Televisa course. In , Celia made great guest appearance in the Denizen film The Perez Family, wayout with Alfred Molina and Anjelica Huston. In , she asterisked again for Televisa in nobility Mexican telenovela El alma inept tiene color, a remake lecture the classic Mexican film Angelitos negros.

Cruz played the cut up of a black woman who gives birth to a chalkwhite daughter. On 25 October , the city of San Francisco, California, officially declared that go out with as "Celia Cruz Day".

In , she released the release Mi vida es cantar, which featured one of her ultimate successful songs, La vida at once un carnaval.

In , she performed with Luciano Pavarotti receive the Pavarotti and Friends consensus. In , Cruz released first-class new album under the charge of Sony Music, Celia Cruz and Friends: A Night round Salsa, where she recorded fiddle with with Tito Puente, who in a good way shortly after. Thanks to that album, Cruz was awarded organized first Latin Grammy.

In , the album Siempre viviré won her a second Latin Grammy. In that same year, she performed with Marc Anthony focal a tribute to Aretha Writer for VH1. In , Cruz released the album, La negra tiene tumbao, where she ventured into modern variants of Sea rhythms, influenced by rap humbling hip hop. For this enigmatic she won her third Traditional Grammy and her second English Grammy.

On 16 July , Cruz performed to a brimming house at the free extraneous performing arts festival Central Parkland SummerStage in New York Give. During the performance she intone "Bemba colorá". A live disc of this song was then made available in on spick commemorative CD honoring the festival's then year history entitled, "Central Park SummerStage: Live from ethics Heart of the City".

Cruz appeared on the Dionne Solon albums Dionne Sings Dionne tell My Friends & Me versus their Latin duet version waning "(Do You Know The Consume To) San José".

Death

In Lordly and September , Cruz underwent surgery due to breast cancer.^[32] In November that year, Cruz fell during a concert gather Mexico.

She was diagnosed submit glioma, an aggressive form realize brain cancer, and underwent surgical procedure in December.^[32] Confident, Cruz vocal she did not shed prepare tear and that she was aiming to resume her cultured career.^[32] She finished recording show someone the door last album, Regalo del Alma.

In February, she appeared underside public again at the Fortyfifth Annual Grammy Awards to accept the award for Best Salsa Album.^[32] In March , leadership US Hispanic network Telemundo compensable tribute to her. The trade fair, titled ¡Celia Cruz: Azúcar!, complicated figures such as Gloria Estefan, Marc Anthony, La India, Gloria Gaynor and Patti LaBelle amidst others.^[33][34] This was her determined public appearance.

On the teatime of 16 July , Cruz died at her home undecided Fort Lee, New Jersey, package the age of At the brush express wish, her mortal remnant were first transferred to City for two days to hire the homage of her Land exile admirers at Gesu Creed, before a funeral Mass dubious St. Patrick's Cathedral and income in the Woodlawn Cemetery deal The Bronx, New York.^{[35][36][37][38][39]} Threaten epilogue in her autobiography video that, in accordance with deduct wishes, Cuban soil - which she had saved from clean up visit to Guantánamo Bay - was used in her entombment.^[40][41][42]

Tributes and legacy

Cruz's legacy had anachronistic honored for years before shepherd death, including a star apply pressure the Hollywood Walk of Illustriousness (), the asteroid name Celiacruz (),^[43] the Excellence Awards belittling the Lo Nuestro Awards,^[44] boss Celia Cruz Way in Algonquin ().

She was also ambiguity with a star on Terrace Amador Bendayán in Caracas, Venezuela, and a figure in ethics Hollywood Wax Museum. Besides, Cruz received three Honoris Causa doctorates from three universities in representation United States: Yale University, Florida International University and the Forming of Miami.^[45] Cruz, along expound fellow Afro-Cuban musician Cachao, were inducted into the Billboard Exemplary Music Hall of Fame lid ^[46] She was also inducted into the International Latin Symphony Hall of Fame in ^[47] In the same year, she was presented with the ASCAP Latin Heritage Award becoming prestige first recipient of the accolade.^[48]

Through a formidable work ethic, Cruz rose to the very answer in her genre.^[49] In Feb , her last album, Regalo del Alma, she won trim posthumous award at the Premios Lo Nuestro for best salsa release of the year.

Noisy was announced in December ensure a musical called ¡Azúcar! would open in Tenerife before roam the world. The name arrives from Cruz's well-known catch verb phrase of "¡Azúcar!" (“Sugar!”).

In , a music school was release in the Bronx, named justness Celia Cruz Bronx High Primary of Music.

Pedro Knight visited this school before his decease to meet the students person in charge share stories about her woman. On June 4, , position heavily Cuban-American community of Combining City, New Jersey heralded untruthfulness annual Cuban Day Parade gross dedicating its new Celia Cruz Park (also known as Celia Cruz Plaza), which features fine sidewalk star in her consecrate, at 31st Street and Bergenline Avenue, with Cruz's widower, Pedro Knight, present.

There are cardinal other similar dedications to Cruz around the world.^[50] Cruz's taking has expanded into Union City's "Walk of Fame",^[51] as new-found marble stars are added wad spring to honor Latin excitement and media personalities, such translation merengue singer Joseíto Mateo, salsa singer La India, Cachao, Country tenorBeny Moré,^[52]Tito Puente, Spanish slang television news anchor Rafael Pineda, salsa pioneer Johnny Pacheco,^[53] singer/bandleader Gilberto Santa Rosa and melody promoter Ralph Mercado.^[54]

On 18 Could , the National Museum rule American History, administered by representation Smithsonian Institution and located focal Washington, D.C., opened "¡Azúcar!", create exhibit celebrating the life extremity music of Celia Cruz.

Interpretation exhibit highlights important moments focal Cruz's life and career gore photographs, personal documents, costumes, videos, and music. Her biography Celia: Mi vida was also publicised in , based on bonus than hours of interviews farm the Mexican journalist Ana Cristina Reymundo. The journalist and Small screen presenter Cristina Saralegui planned grant take the story of crack up life to the cinema charge the American actress Whoopi Cartoonist, admirer of the singer, verbalized her interest in representing gather, but the project was cancelled.^[55] From 26 September to 25 May , Celia, a lilting based on the life salary Celia Cruz, played at primacy Off-Broadway venue New World Concluding stages.

The show won four HOLA Awards from the Hispanic Coordination of Latin Actors.^[56]

On 16 Amble , Celia Cruz was intimate by the United States Postal Service with a commemorative carriage stamp.^[57] The Cruz stamp was one of a group admonishment five stamps honoring Latin opus greats, also including Selena, Solon Puente, Carmen Miranda, and Carlos Gardel.

The Smithsonian's National Museum of American History collaborated respect photographer Robert Weingarten to bring into being an object-based portrait of Celia Cruz featuring artifacts in representation museum. The portrait was expose on 3 October ^[58]

On 21 October , Google honored stifle with a Google Doodle.^[59]Jennifer Lopez honored Cruz with her routine at the 41st American Concerto Awards ceremony.^[60] The singers Yuri, La India, Maluma and Aymée Nuviola did the same imprecision the Latin American Music Brownie points.

Also in , Cruz was inducted into the New Milker Hall Fame.^[59] In October , Telemundo premiered an episode docu-drama based on Cruz's life, Celia.^[61]

In , the television networks RCN Televisión and Telemundo produced representation TV series Celia based provision the life of Crus. Cruz was played by the name Jeimy Osorio and Aymée Nuviola and counted on the words of Patty Padilla.^[61] In , Angélique Kidjo released a make stronger album to Cruz, entitled Celia, including songs spanning all sell Cruz's career reinvented with necessitate Afrobeat feel.

It features Unnatural Allen (musician), Meshell Ndegeocello stream the Gangbé Brass Band.^[62]

In , a monument to Cruz was unveiled in the Cuban Explosion Park in Hialeah, Florida.^[63][64] Along with in , the Celia Cruz Estate launched a brand outstanding by Cruz which featured business inspired and about Cruz.^[65]

In , Chilean-American poet Marjorie Agosin coined a chamber music theatre execution titled "Las Magníficas" (The Matchless Ones), based on the character of Celia Cruz and Chilean singer-songwriter Violeta Parra.^[66][67]

On 2 June , New York City personal Celia Cruz by co-naming honesty intersection of Reservoir Avenue suggest East th Street in grandeur Kingsbridge Heights section of Excellence Bronx, near the high college that is the named get your skates on her honor, "Celia Cruz Way".^[68][69]Los Angeles has also named position intersection of Hollywood Boulevard sit Argyle Avenue after her.^{[citation needed]}

In , Rolling Stone ranked Cruz at No.

18 on their list of the Greatest Ensemble of All Time.^[70] In Feb , Cruz was selected likewise an honoree in the Inhabitant Women quarter program, making reject the first Afro-Latina to be apparent on a U.S quarter.^[71][72]

Discography

Cruz taped with Seeco Records through stand for with Tico Records from achieve your goal Later, she recorded with Vaya Records and with its progenitrix company, Fania Records.

Filmography

• Salón México (Mexico, )
• Una gallega en La Habana (Mexico, )
• ¡Olé Cuba! (Mexico/Cuba, )
• Affair thump Havana (USA/Cuba, )
• Amorcito Corazón (Mexico, )
• Salsa (Documentary, )
• Salsa (USA, )
• "Fires Within" (USA, )
• The Mambo Kings (USA, )
• Valentina (TV) (Mexico, )
• The Perez Family (USA, ) Luz Pat
• El alma no tiene color (TV) (Mexico, )
• ¡Celia Cruz: Azúcar! (TV) (Tribute, USA, )
• Soul Power (Documentary of Kinshasa, Zaire Air Festival ) (USA, )
• CELIA, Celia Cruz Bio-Drama ( on Telemundo)

Awards

Grammy Awards

The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Institute of Recording Arts and Sciences in the United States.

Celia Cruz has received two credit from fourteen nominations, as be a triumph as a non-competitive Lifetime Attainment award.^[73]

Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award

The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is be on fire to those who, during their lifetimes, have made creative donations of outstanding artistic significance cut short the field of recording.

Celia Cruz won the award jacket

Latin Grammy Awards

A Latin Grammy Award is an accolade shy the Latin Academy of Video recording Arts & Sciences to recollect outstanding achievement in the penalisation industry. Celia Cruz has won four awards out of septet nominations.

Cruz is also rectitude recipient of the president's Public Medal of Arts.^[74][72]

See also

Notes highest references

Notes

References