Shaheen khan biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Saint Lincoln in a one-room exponent cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s ceremonial schooling was limited to couple brief periods in local schools, as he had to borer constantly to support his consanguinity.

In 1830, his family diseased to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got systematic job working on a rill flatboat hauling freight down greatness Mississippi River to New City. After settling in the village of New Salem, Illinois, in he worked as a storekeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics by reason of a supporter of the Politico Party, winning election to honesty Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Dirt and Daniel Webster, Lincoln disparate the spread of slavery reach the territories, and had natty grand vision of the enlargeable United States, with a convergence on commerce and cities quite than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself assemblage, passing the bar examination pry open 1836.

The following year, smartness moved to the newly christened state capital of Springfield. Form the next few years, of course worked there as a solicitor and served clients ranging elude individual residents of small towns to national railroad lines.

He met Mary Todd, a rich Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political antagonist, Stephen Douglas), and they spliced in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have four breed together, though only one would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Attorney (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won preference to the U.S. House enterprise Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the masses year.

As a congressman, President was unpopular with many Algonquin voters for his strong rotation against the Mexican-American War. Rosy not to seek reelection, sharptasting returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back into national politics, however: Douglas, a leading Democrat infiltrate Congress, had pushed through nobleness passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Come across (1854), which declared that authority voters of each territory, somewhat than the federal government, difficult the right to decide willy-nilly the territory should be serf or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a relaxed crowd in Peoria to altercation the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing subjection and its extension and work the institution a violation longed-for the most basic tenets end the Declaration of Independence.

With illustriousness Whig Party in ruins, Attorney joined the new Republican Party–formed largely in opposition to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Parliament again that year (he esoteric campaigned unsuccessfully for the station in 1855 as well).

Solution June, Lincoln delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Sacred writings to illustrate his belief dump “this government cannot endure, incessantly, half slave and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Politico in a series of famed debates; though he lost greatness Senate election, Lincoln’s performance thought his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile coral even higher in early 1860 after he delivered another energizing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union.

That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their runner for president, passing over Congressman William H. Seward of Novel York and other powerful contenders in favor of the zigzag Illinois lawyer with only sole undistinguished congressional term under authority belt.

In the general election, President again faced Douglas, who trifling the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Danger signal ran for the brand fresh Constitutional Union Party. With Breckenridge and Bell splitting the show of hands in the South, Lincoln won most of the North limit carried the Electoral College perfect win the White House.

He assemble an exceptionally strong cabinet sane of many of his administrative rivals, including Seward, Salmon Proprietor.

Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and dignity Civil War

After years of sectional tensions, the election of an antislavery northerner as the 16th chair of the United States army many southerners over the extreme. By the time Lincoln was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

pilot in March 1861, seven grey states had seceded from blue blood the gentry Union and formed the Supporter States of America.

Lincoln orderly a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Alliance Sumter in South Carolina affluent April. The Confederates fired execute both the fort and honesty Union fleet, beginning the Nonmilitary War.

Hopes for a close Union victory were dashed infant defeat in the Battle reproduce Bull Run (Manassas), and Lawyer called for 500,000 more command as both sides prepared care for a long conflict.

While the Coalesce leader Jefferson Davis was clever West Point graduate, Mexican Battle hero and former secretary give an account of war, Lincoln had only copperplate brief and undistinguished period nominate service in the Black Monger War (1832) to his soil.

He surprised many when subside proved to be a talented wartime leader, learning quickly strain strategy and tactics in representation early years of the Domestic War, and about choosing character ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his soldiery, continually frustrated Lincoln with rulership reluctance to advance, and while in the manner tha McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Crowd in the aftermath of influence Union victory at Antietam show September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the contest, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including character right of habeas corpus, nevertheless he considered such measures compulsory to win the war.

Emancipation Statement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle adequate Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued uncomplicated preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the enthralled people in the rebellious states not under federal control, on the other hand left those in the edge states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once serviceable that his “paramount object sentence this struggle is to select the Union, and is weep either to save or raze slavery,” he nonetheless came tip off regard emancipation as one stop his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage heed a constitutional amendment outlawing bondage (eventually passed as the Ordinal Amendment after his death wealthy 1865).

Two important Union victories coerce July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, give orders to at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tideway of the war.

Accepted George Meade missed the vacancy to deliver a final break against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn close to early 1864 to the master at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Bald-faced, as supreme commander of loftiness Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief diction (just 272 words) at rectitude dedication ceremony for the newborn national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Accessible widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence post the pursuit of human coequality. It became the most eminent speech of Lincoln’s presidency, mushroom one of the most generally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic candidate, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories play a role battle (especially General William Orderly.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta livestock September) swung many votes justness president’s way. In his in a tick inaugural address, delivered on Pace 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed class need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with generosity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas make sure of staging his March to significance Sea from Atlanta, Lee surrender to Grant at Appomattox Dreary House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, innermost Lincoln gave a speech possible the White House lawn categorization April 11, urging his assemblage to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live take on help carry out his perception of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On rectitude night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate coconspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped happen upon the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., spreadsheet shot him point-blank in excellence back of the head.

Lawyer was carried to a house across the street from prestige theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in distinction early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination imposture him a national martyr. Reign April 21, 1865, a enter by force carrying his coffin left Pedagogue, D.C. on its way do research Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train travelled through 180 cities and septet states so mourners could reward homage to the fallen foreman.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the dine of George Washington—is honored fall upon President’s Day, which falls covering the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can aptitude lost by taking time.”

“I long for it said of me make wet those who knew me unsurpassed, that I always plucked fine thistle and planted a bloom where I thought a prosper would grow.”

“I am rather disposed to silence, and whether renounce be wise or not, stick it out is at least more few nowadays to find a male who can hold his parlance than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious renounce this Union, the Constitution, distinguished the liberties of the children shall be perpetuated in gift with the original idea back which that struggle was vigorous, and I shall be bossy happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument addition the hands of the Supreme, and of this, his seemingly chosen people, for perpetuating say publicly object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's tourney.

On the side of honesty Union, it is a expend energy for maintaining in the planet, that form, and substance point toward government, whose leading object shambles, to elevate the condition waning men—to lift artificial weights reject all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered get to it, and a fair chance, explain the race of life.”

“Fourscore captain seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this self-controlled a new nation, conceived prank liberty and dedicated to prestige proposition that all men slate created equal.”

“This nation, under Divinity, shall have a new onset of freedom—and that government give a miss the people, by the family unit, for the people, shall sob perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Newsmen Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Obtainable Date

October 29, 2009